Diabetic retinopathy is a serious condition that affects individuals with diabetes. If left untreated, it can potentially lead to vision impairment or blindness. Understanding this condition, its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options is crucial for effective management and prevention of complications.
Defining diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetes-related eye disease that occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Over time, these damaged blood vessels can leak fluid or bleed, leading to vision problems. There are two main types of diabetic retinopathy: non-proliferative and proliferative. Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy is an early stage where blood vessels in the retina weaken and leak fluid. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a more advanced stage characterized by the growth of abnormal blood vessels, which can cause severe vision loss.Symptoms of diabetic retinopathy
In its early stages, diabetic retinopathy may not cause noticeable symptoms. Because of this, regular eye exams are essential for detecting it early, even before symptoms develop. However, as the condition progresses, individuals may experience:- Blurred or distorted vision
- Floaters or dark spots in the field of vision
- Difficulty seeing at night
- Loss of central vision
- Changes in color perception
